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The incoming Obama administration will soon have the opportunity to reassert U.S. scientific leadership in two of the most exciting and promising fields of biomedical research-embryonic stem cell science and regenerative medicine. It's an opportunity our nation cannot afford to miss.

In the 10 years since researchers at the University of Wisconsin first isolated and characterized human embryonic stem cells, scientific studies have repeatedly shown the vast potential these cells offer. As research tools they are already deepening our understanding of human development, health, and disease. And as therapeutic tools they show enormous promise for their potential to replace, reconstruct, or regenerate failing tissues and organs. In both cases, embryonic stem cells give patients the hope and promise of defeating diseases for which there is little or no hope today.

The American people recognize this promise. Polls show that a solid majority favor more federal support for embryonic stem cell research. And the people's representatives in the House and Senate have twice passed legislation that would loosen the stranglehold on federal funding for such research-only to watch in dismay as...